Background A 32-year-old healthy woman from China was diagnosed with a bladder mass during pelvic ultrasonography, carried out during the work-up of a miscarriage. Cystoscopy by the Department of ...
Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is labor intensive and costly to manage. Owing to long-term survival rates and life-long monitoring and treatment, it is the most expensive cancer to manage in ...
Besides embarrassment, UI can decrease quality of life. They may avoid exercise, social activities and intimacy, for example.