Abstract: Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) occupy a pivotal position in the contemporary societal landscape, with one of their widespread applications being the vehicle routing problem, ...

Differential equations are fundamental tools in physics: they are used to describe phenomena ranging from fluid dynamics to general relativity. But when these equations become stiff (i.e. they involve ...

Abstract: Graph clustering is essential to understand the nature and behavior of real world such as social network, technical network and transportation network. Different from the existing studies, ...