Obstructive ureteral stones are treated by ureteroscopy or extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. Although lithotripsy is more common, success rates vary according to the stones' location. Ureteroscopy ...
White-light cystoscopy is the main method of detecting transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Flat carcinoma in situ (CIS) lesions can, however, be difficult to detect with this technique. Fradet ...
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