The "Monty Hall problem" is a classic example of how games of chance can have surprising results. Here’s a fun way to model the problem.

While “Bring out yer dead!” is one of Monty Python and the Holy Grail ’s most popular lines and scenes, it’s the unabashed optimism and hope emanating from the not-dead-yet man that wins out.

But you can get the basic idea from Monty Python's classic movie, Monty Python and the Holy Grail. You just need to watch a single scene, the "she's a witch!" scene, which is here: She's a witch!