Howard woke up around midnight in a hospital in Cherbourg, France. He was among the lucky ones. On that Christmas Eve in 1944, a German U-boat torpedo killed 763 American soldiers just five miles from ...

In spring 1943, the hunters became the hunted. Allied radar, escort carriers, and Ultra intelligence shattered Germany’s once-lethal U-boat campaign within weeks. Submarines that had terrorised the ...

On August 27, 1941, a brand-new German U-boat and its inexperienced crew faced relentless attacks from 269 Squadron Hudsons. Technical failures and rookie mistakes left the submarine helpless, forcing ...