Two cups of warm water don't make one cup of boiling water. But in the quantum world, multiple low-energy photons can combine ...

Accurate measurements of light intensity provide vital data for scientists and everyday applications. For example, precise values help optimize microscopy signals, trigger physiological processes in ...

In a massive study of more than 80,000 adults, scientists have found a link between bright artificial light in the evenings ...

Results of investigations into limiting factors of photosynthesis can be presented as a graph. Typically, these will have the following profiles. The rate of photosynthesis will increase as light ...

In recent years, a perovskite solar cells (PSCs) emerged as an intriguing new addition to the list of novel solar cells (SCs) that either challenge or complement already mature silicon SCs 1,2,3.

The light intensity curves for LEDs, regardless of whether they are collimated with a lens or reflectors, follow a bell shaped curve (often referred to as a “Lambertian“ curve). The 50% intensity ...

Diatoms are a highly diverse group of microalgae that occur in marine and freshwater as well as in terrestrial habitats and are responsible for about one fifth of global oxygen production 1,2. Two ...