White-light cystoscopy is the main method of detecting transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Flat carcinoma in situ (CIS) lesions can, however, be difficult to detect with this technique. Fradet ...

A cystoscopy is a procedure that involves inserting a tool into the urethra and up into the bladder to examine these organs. The tool is a cystoscope — a thin, flexible instrument with a light and a ...

Enhanced cystoscopy at the time of cystectomy and in the outpatient surveillance setting increases detection of high-grade NMIBC. The use of enhanced cystoscopy both in the operating room at the time ...